You can apply apical force with a file, there is minimal chance of fracture if you apply apical force only without rotation. You might bend the file in one itself but it probably won't break. It is when you start rotating as well that files separate. When there is a curve at the apex of a root canal, curve the file in the apical region (a) as if you enter with a straight file it will hit the outside of the canal curve and feel like a hard stop (b). If you curve the file you must have the curve facing the same way as in the canal (A radiograph will help) but to get a more precise feel you must apply apical force only, withdraw vertically, rotate slightly (Not locked into the canal) and reapply apical force. At a certain point in the rotation you will find a spot where the file progresses further than all the other positions. This means you have negotiated the curve. from then it is short vertical filing motions. If you pull too far out you may lose the location. Once the file is w...